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Nutricline shoaling in the eastern Pacific warm pool during the last two glacial maxima

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Abstract

Isoprenoid glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) and alkenones were analyzed in sediment samples retrieved from Ocean Drilling Program Site 1241 covering the last 150000 years to understand the hydrological evolution of the eastern Pacific warm pool (EPWP). GDGT and alkenone concentrations showed higher values in marine isotope stage (MIS)-2 and MIS-6, which suggests the enhancement of primary production at glacial maxima. \( {\text{TEX}}_{86}^{\text{H}} \)- and \( U_{ 3 7^\prime }^{\text{K}} \)-derived temperature depicted different temperature evolutions. \( U_{ 3 7^\prime }^{\text{K}} \)-derived temperature was marked by small variation during the glacial–interglacial cycles, whereas \( {\text{TEX}}_{86}^{\text{H}} \)-derived temperature showed pronounced glacial–interglacial variation that was similar to Mg/Ca-derived temperature records from nearby cores in the EPWP. Given that enhanced primary production during glacial maxima suggests nutricline shoaling, unchanged \( U_{ 3 7^\prime }^{\text{K}} \) over glacial–interglacial cycles can be interpreted as the shift of alkenone production depth. \( {\text{TEX}}_{86}^{\text{H}} \) seems not to be influenced by glacial–interglacial changes in nutricline depths, recording an integrated temperature in surface and thermocline water. The shallow nutricline in the EPWP during glacial maxima most likely reflected the intense formation of Antarctic intermediate water.

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Acknowledgments

The Ocean Drilling Program provided the samples used in this study. We thank Keiji Horikawa for providing us \( U_{ 3 7^\prime }^{\text{K}} \) data from core HY04. We also thank Tatsufumi Okino and Keiko Ohnishi for their analytical assistance.

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  1. Hasrizal Bin Shaari

    Present address: Faculty of Maritime Studies and Marine Science, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-10, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan

    Hasrizal Bin Shaari, Masanobu Yamamoto & Tomohisa Irino

  2. Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-10, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan

    Masanobu Yamamoto, Tomohisa Irino & Tadamichi Oba

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  1. Hasrizal Bin Shaari
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Shaari, H.B., Yamamoto, M., Irino, T. et al. Nutricline shoaling in the eastern Pacific warm pool during the last two glacial maxima. J Oceanogr 70, 25–34 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10872-013-0209-1

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